CD11b (Mac-1) Antibody Review

 

 

Introduction

  • a cell surface receptor/antigen that contributes to many cellular processes which are involved in the generation of a protective immune response against pathogenic organisms. PMID: 16611225

  • a CD18 subfamily of integrin receptors that is highly expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). PMID: 17562817

  • an alpha chain of the leukocyte beta(2)-integrin, Mac-1, which mediates binding and extravasation of leukocytes. PMID: 10884286

  • the alpha sub-unit of the CD11b/CD18 heterodimeric complex that has a key role in neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions and early events in inflammatory responses. PMID: 9692854

  • a heparin-binding integrin found predominantly on the surface of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), macrophages and natural killer cells. PMID: 9095175

  • an important adhesion molecule mediating the transendothelial migration of circulating polymorphonuclear granulocytes into an inflammatory region. PMID: 8554683

  • a calcium-dependent epitope in human neutrophils. PMID: 1381587

  • a cell surface integrin of macrophages, granulocytes, and NK cells, is expressed by a subset of CD8+ T cells that include both the active virus-specific CTL and the virus-specific memory CTL populations. PMID: 1500720

Normal Expression

  • CD11b belongs to the integrin family and is expressed on neutrophils, monocytes, natural killer cells, and a subset of lymphocytes. PMID: 15990794

  • CR3 (CD11b/CD18) is expressed on neutrophils, and the engagement of CR3 can promote phagocytosis. PMID: 16239529

  • We found a significant increase in the expression of CD11b on monocytes and granulocytes in women at >37 weeks of gestation. PMID: 15550069

  • CD11b is normally expressed by mature monocytes, natural killer cells and granulocytes. PMID: 9488612

  • Significant proportions of CD11b+ cells were found in T cells from adult peripheral blood (18-58 yr) (20%), liver (32%), and spleen (16%), but were rarely observed in those from thymus, lymph nodes, intraepithelial lymphocytes, lamina propria lymphocytes, and lung. PMID: 8102160

Abnormal Expression

  • circulating monocytes from T1DM patients tested at the clinical onset of the disease (i.e. within 1 week of diagnosis) had higher CD11b expression compared to patients analyzed 2 months after diagnosis (p = 0.02). PMID: 17823696

  • CD11b/CD18 was overexpressed in leukocytes in the course of acute pancreatitis (AP) by oxidant-dependent mechanisms. PMID: 17526765

  • Polymorphonuclear leucocytes from patients with Kawasaki disease showed increased CD11b expression, which was associated with increased serum cytokines and appeared to be related to coronary artery lesions. PMID: 17286760

  • in vivo transmigrated leukocytes from patients on biocompatible high-flux hemodiafiltration or high-flux hemodialysis have a preserved capacity to express CD11b at the site of interstitial inflammation. PMID: 17228360

  • Macrophages and multinuclear giant cells in the wear-particle-induced membranes showed intense immunohistochemical staining for CD9, CD11b, and CD52. PMID: 16136749

  • CD11b expressions in systemic circulation blood increased significantly during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and maintained higher levels after cardiac reperfusion (P < .05); on the other hand, CD11b expressions in coronary sinus blood declined gradually and reached their lowest level at 5 minutes after aortic declamping. PMID: 15896579

  • Expression of CD11b is enhanced on neutrophils recruited to the lungs during bacterial pneumonia. PMID: 15838804

  • We found significantly higher levels of CD11b in neutrophils from sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients than in controls and this elevation was positively correlated with disease severity and progression rate of mental decline. PMID: 12009501

  • Overexpression of CD11b was noted in eosinophils of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. PMID: 10529615

  • Patients with ischemic heart disease had significantly (P <.002) higher concentrations of CD11b/CD18 antigen on the surface of their polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes (mean fluorescence intensity of 203 +/- 81 and 261 +/- 75, respectively) compared with the control group (mean fluorescence intensity 158 +/- 68 and 211 +/- 74, respectively) and to the group of patients with acute stress (mean fluorescence intensity of 146 +/- 70 and 200 +/- 22, respectively). PMID: 10467208

  • The amount of CD11b expressed on both granulocytes and monocytes was greater in 4 patients with pustular psoriasis than in 16 patients with psoriasis vulgaris. PMID: 10228626

  • Expression of CD11b on granulocytes is increased with intense endurance exercise, either incremental maximal treadmill testing or competitive marathon running, but not in moderate endurance training. PMID: 10188738

  • Patients with asthma show altered surface expression of the adhesion molecules CD11b and L-selectin on airway granulocytes compared with blood granulocytes. PMID: 9645598

  • Neutrophil CD11b expression showed an immediate increase for the first 3 hours followed by a gradual increase up to 24 hours after injury. In patients who developed multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, CD11b both on neutrophils and lymphocytes remained elevated for 120 hours. PMID: 9529172

  • CD11b-positive cells showed a different tissue distribution from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and were more abundantly present, suggesting significant amounts of CD11b-bearing cell populations other than polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the early phase of psoriasis. PMID: 9459126

  • CD11b/CD18 integrin expression was found to be higher in the patients with ischaemic disease than in the control subjects (P < 0.001). PMID: 9279527

  • Normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induced a fast increase in CD11b expression, which appeared to be similar to that observed during hypothermia. PMID: 9263088

  • The expression of CD11b/CD18 on normal PMNs is increased after an inflammatory stimulus. PMID: 9129206

  • A significantly increased expression of CD11b, but not CD11a or CD11c, determinants was also observed in granulocytes and monocytes from the ischemic arm compared with that in the nonischemic contralateral control, at the end of the ischemia time (80 +/- 16 minutes). PMID: 8995075

  • Basal neutrophil CD11b expression was significantly increased in women with pre-eclampsia compared with normal pregnancy before delivery. PMID: 9038589

  • CD11b expression of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) resting granulocytes was increased within 24 h of ARDS onset by a factor of two in comparison with control patients (p < 0.05) and remained significantly increased 72 to 120 h later. PMID: 7911707

  • After up-regulation with fMLP, the CD11b expression on neutrophils (P<0.005, fMLP: 0.002 microM) and eosinophils (P<0.05, fMLP: 0.02 microM) was significantly higher in asthmatic children than in the controls. PMID: 10779280

Function

  • has important roles in regulating many immunologic functions such as leukocyte adhesion and emigration from the bloodstream via interactions with the endothelial ligands ICAM-1 and ICAM-2, iC3b-mediated phagocytosis, and apoptosis. PMID: 16857989

  • CD11b+ macrophages are critical for the development of inflammation-dependent lymphangiogenesis in the eye suggests a new mechanism of lymphangiogenesis. PMID: 16138190

  • Memory B cells express CD11b and, in contrast with naive B cells, have high migratory ability. CD11b plays an essential role in the homing process of memory cells. PMID: 15990794

Diagnostic & Therapeutic Value

  • both CD117 and CD11b phenotype may be helpful to the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in children and adults and to differentiation of APL from recovering benign myeloid proliferation. PMID: 16928291

  • CD11b/CD18 density on neutrophils and monocytes may improve diagnosis of late-onset sepsis in ELBW infants. PMID: 15585684

  • circulating CD11b predicts the magnitude of the airway neutrophil response following inhaled ozone exposure. PMID: 15093561

  • For the neonatal sepsis the serial measurements of neutrophil CD(11b) expression with the whole blood flow cytometry seemed feasible and reliable in the early diagnosis, evaluation of infection severity and observation of therapy reactions. PMID: 14751053

  • neutrophil CD11b expression could be of use for polycythaemia vera (PV) screening in Budd-Chiari syndrome and portal vein thrombosis (BCS/PVT) patients. PMID: 14717780

  • flavonoid treatment for 30 days increased the expression of CD11b adhesion molecules on circulating granulocytes. PMID: 14518609

  • Measuring neutrophil CD11b expression and circulating IL-8 provides a means to identify early-onset neonatal sepsis. PMID: 11433091

  • The CD11b expression in the patient group (cerebral thrombosis) was positively elevated on monocytes and granulocytes (P < 0.05), but it was of lower positive rate on lymphocytes and no statistical difference was noted between the patient and control groups. PMID: 10743241

  • This assay for neutrophil CD11b is a promising test for exclusion of early-onset neonatal infection. If validated prospectively, this assay may reduce hospital and antibiotic use in the population of neonates at risk for early-onset infection. PMID: 9544899

Applications

 

ELISA

  • Leukocyte count, leukocyte CD11b/CD62L expression, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were determined in blood and at the three sites of interstitial inflammation by immunostaining, flow cytometry, and ELISA. PMID: 15104334

  • As determined by ELISA, CD11b+ UV-EC IL-10 cell-associated protein was fivefold higher than that of CD11b- UV-EC. PMID: 7963579

FACS

  • Analysis by immunofluorescence-activated cell sorting of human peritoneal macrophages from patients undergoing intermittent peritoneal dialysis revealed that they express the CD11/CD18 surface antigens, with CD11b and CD18 as the predominant ones. PMID: 8103073

Flow Cytometry (FC)

  • Whole blood was obtained from neonates to determine CD11b expression on peripheral blood neutrophils by flow cytometry. PMID: 17563410

  • Neutrophil surface expression of CD11b, CD14 and CD16 was quantified flow cytometrically, and compared between the subject groups using Jonckheere-Terpstra test. PMID: 17384172

  • flow cytometric analysis of beta2 Mac-1 integrin (CD11b/CD18) expression on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and monocytes. PMID: 17211980

  • Flow cytometry was also used to determine CD11b expression on neutrophils from blood removed at the end of these experiments. PMID: 16680014

  • We have studied the expression of the beta2-integrin Mac-1 (CD11b) on mononuclear cells in 48 patients with AML at first diagnosis by flow cytometry using a direct fluorescein-conjugated antibody. PMID: 16550517

  • We developed a method of whole blood flow cytometry to measure neutrophil and monocyte CD11b upregulation on CD16+ and CD14+ cells, employing staining with the nuclear dye LDS-751 immediately before flow cytometry. PMID: 16406722

  • surface expression of CD11b increased significantly on monocytes as measured by flow cytometry, after their incubation with NEFA. PMID: 16357311

  • On-admission levels of phagocyte CD11b/CD18 and CD14 expression were measured using whole blood flow cytometry. PMID: 16283111

  • A standardized procedure for quantitation of CD11b on polymorphonuclear neutrophil by flow cytometry: potential application in infectious diseases. PMID: 15163315

  • CD11b and CD16 expression on neutrophils was measured by fluorescence flow cytometry. PMID: 14585285

  • We measured surface expression of neutrophil L-selectin and CD11b using flow cytometry in healthy term human newborns from 24 h through 4 wk of age. PMID: 12508092

  • Neutrophils from 12 normal subjects and 10 DH patients with active, ongoing disease and 14 DH patients with quiescent disease activity were examined by fluorescence-activated cell sorter for expression of cell surface CD11b. PMID: 12452859

  • Expression of CD11b on eosinophils was determined by flow cytometry. PMID: 11937770

  • Flow cytometric expression of CD3 and CD11b antigens on blood and milk leukocytes, leukocyte differential counts, bacterial counts in milk, and somatic cell counts were determined longitudinally. PMID: 11763169

  • A whole-blood flow cytometric assay for leukocyte CD11b expression using fluorescence signal triggering. PMID: 10914940

  • A method has been developed for the direct quantification of the CD11b integrin on granulocytes by flow cytometric analysis of whole blood specimens following either LTB(4) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. PMID: 10854607

  • In patients with community-acquired pneumonia (n = 36) neutrophil CD11b expression was measured by flow cytometry and soluble ICAM-1 and E-selectin concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PMID: 10445615

  • We have investigated the time course of adhesion molecule expression (CD11b/CD18 and CD62L) by flow cytometry in circulating granulocytes after chemotherapy in 12 patients with haematological malignancies. PMID: 9824437

  • Eosinophil activation was evaluated by measuring surface expression of CD11b or CD62L by flow cytometry. PMID: 9758894

  • CD11b and L-selectin expression of isolated peripheral blood eosinophils were measured by flow cytometry after coculture with normal lung fibroblasts or their conditioned medium. PMID: 9731003

  • CD11B/CD18 adhesion molecules detected by direct immunofluorescence evaluated by flow cytometry were significantly higher in the coronary sinus blood than in both the coronary ostium and the postobstructive chamber blood. PMID: 8806345

  • Quantitative analysis of the surface expression of CD11b/CD18 by flow cytometric technique and adhesion properties to albumin-coated surfaces were performed both on resting and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-activated cells. PMID: 8804936

  • We describe a flow cytometric method to evaluate upregulation of peripheral blood neutrophil and monocyte integrin CD11b in vivo. PMID: 8370926

Immunofluorescence (IF)

  • Direct immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to measure CD11a/CD18, CD11b/CD18 and L-selectin (L-s) expression on circulating PMN in CPB circuits containing human blood and in children undergoing CPB. PMID: 7686323

  • Direct immunofluorescence staining of CD11b was performed with FITC-conjugated monoclonal antibody. Flow cytometry was used to analyze stained cells for their fluorescence intensity. PMID: 1671394

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

  • We have performed an immunohistochemical study on the expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and CD11b 1 h to 1 week following a compression injury to the rat spinal cord. PMID: 10098961

  • Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong surface expression of CD11b and CD18 on normal monocytes. PMID: 7618805

  • The aim of this investigation was to study adhesion molecules in accelerated transplant arteriosclerosis in a rat model by analysing the immunohistochemical expression of CD11b and ICAM-1 up to 2 months and followed by a semiquantitative evaluation and multivariant analysis. PMID: 7582901

Western Blot (WB)

  • Following stimulation, PMN CD11b expression was examined by flow cytometry and Western-blotting. PMID: 16228063