Dendritic cells (DCs) are immune cells and form part of the mammalian immune system. Their main function is to process antigen material and present it on their surface to other cells of the immune system. Dendritic cells are present in small quantities in tissues that are in contact with the external environment, mainly the skin (where they are often called Langerhans cells) and the inner lining of the nose, lung, stomach and intestines. They can also be found at an immature state in the blood. Once activated, they migrate to the lymphoid tissues where they interact with T cells and B cells to initiate and shape the immune response. At certain development stages they grow branched projections, the dendrites, that give the cell its name. However, these do not have any special relation with neurons, which also possess similar appendages. Immature dendritic cells are also called veiled cells, in which case they possess large cytoplasmic 'veils' rather than dendrites.
ADAM19 (MADDAM)
a molecular
marker for human dendritic cells and not expressed in
macrophages.
PMID: 15896713
BDCA-2
a cell surface
protein whose expression is restricted to human plasmacytoid
dendritic cells, in a differentiation stage-specific manner.
PMID: 16998465
CD1a
a marker of
immature DCs, plays a role in tumorigenesis.
PMID: 16159438
a human
epidermal dendritic cell marker related to class I MHC
molecules.
PMID: 2784820
CD11c
a marker of
dendritic cells.
PMID: 16142734
CD21
a reliable
marker of follicular dendritic cells.
PMID: 16280657
CD83
maps to chromosome 6p23.
PMID: 10738529
specific for
dendritic cells.
PMID: 12452842
a marker of
mature dendritic cells.
PMID: 12113551
CD86
a specific marker for canine monocyte-derived
dendritic cells.
PMID: 16202456
CD208
CD208 DC lysosomal-associated
protein is a marker of activated human dendritic cells.
PMID: 16899762
Dendritic cell-lysosomal
associated membrane protein (DC-LAMP)/CD208, a member of the
lysosomal associated membrane protein (LAMP) family, is
specifically expressed by human DCs on activation.
PMID: 14982840
CLIP-170/restin
a marker
for dendritic cells.
PMID: 12433698
Clusterin
follicular
dendritic cell marker.
PMID: 15252304
DC-LAMP (CD208)
a member of
the lysosomal-associated membrane protein (LAMP) family, is
specifically expressed by human dendritic cells (DC) upon
activation and therefore serves as marker of human DC
maturation.
PMID: 12938238,
PMID: 14982840
DEC-205
a good marker
of the lymphoid-related regulatory type of dendritic cell (DC).
PMID: 10784619
Estrogen
Receptor-alpha
a novel
marker expressed by follicular dendritic cells in lymph nodes
and tumor-associated lymphoid infiltrates.
PMID: 14507640
Fascin
a 55-kd actin-bundling
protein, represents a highly selective marker for dendritic
cells of lymphoid tissues and peripheral blood.
PMID: 12219775
HLA-DR
HLA-DR antigen
is present on the plasma membrane and within some of the dilated
cisternae.
PMID: 3515706
MADDAM (metalloprotease and disintegrin dendritic antigen marker)
an important
marker for the differentiation and characterization of DCs and
the distinction between MACs and DCs.
PMID: 10887142
NLDC-145
a dendritic
cell specific marker NLDC.
PMID: 3265929
recognizes
DEC-205, a 205-kDa integral membrane glycoprotein.
PMID: 7758125,
PMID: 7553896
NLDC-145
detects an antigen (DEC-205) expressed at high levels by mouse
dendritic cells (DCs) and thymic epithelial cells.
PMID: 7553896
S-100
an
immunohistochemical marker for a subset of dendritic cells, the
interdigitating reticulum cells (IDRCs), which are mainly
located in T-dependent areas of lymphoid tissues.
PMID: 2878529