Nucleus Markers

 

 

 

In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins such as histones to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes make up the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression.

 

 

 

Actin

  • Nuclear actin accumulation was much more sensitive and an earlier event than the well-known, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity. PMID: 14744771

AGNA (anti-glial nuclear antibody)

  • AGNA positive sera showed a characteristic nuclear staining of the Bergmann glia in the Purkinje cell layer. PMID: 15949849

c-Jun

C-mos

  • a single-copy nuclear oncogene, has been identified as a candidate nuclear marker. PMID: 9878236

Chromogranin B (CGB)

Estrogen receptor (ER)

Fibrillarin

  • 53 kDa protein and Ag-NOR proteins in the nuclei of giant antipodal cells of the wheat Triticum aestivum. PMID: 15174351

Fluoro-Gold (FG)

  • a vital marker for muscle nuclei in myoblast transfer. PMID: 2036600

Histone Deacetylase

  • is associated with the internal nuclear matrices of chicken and trout liver. PMID: 1562606

Histone H1

  • As somatic H1 becomes immunologically undetectable on bovine embryonic nuclei following transfer into ooplasm and reappears during development of the reconstructed embryo, suggesting that it may act as a marker of nuclear reprogramming. PMID: 11319868

Lap 2

  • multimeric interactions of LAP2 with specific cellular components are required for correct targeting to the nuclear envelope and that the first N-terminus has function which is at least directly involved in chromatin association. PMID: 9299486

NeuN

  • appears highly specific as a marker of neuronal nuclei in human fetal brain. PMID: 9545178

NF Kappa B

  • constitutively activated and localized in the cell nuclei of E1A + cHa-Ras transformants. PMID: 10496024

  • NF-kappaB transcription factors are retained in the cytoplasm in an inactive form until they are activated and rapidly imported into the nucleus. PMID: 15677444

  • NF-kappaB is sequestered in an inactive form in the cytoplasm bound to inhibitory IkappaB proteins. Stimulation leads to the rapid phosphorylation, ubiquitinylation, and ultimately proteolytic degradation of IkappaB, which frees NF-kappaB to translocate to the nucleus and activate the transcription of its target genes. PMID: 11865184

PARP

  • a nuclear matrix enzyme involved in the repair of DNA strand breaks, which is known to be inactivated by proteolytic cleavage. PMID: 14766804

  • Poly(ADPR)polymerase 1 and 2 (PARP-1, PARP-2) are nuclear enzymes which function is based on specific interactions with DNA and nuclear proteins. PMID: 15517597

Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance marker protein (Pfcrmp)

Ran GTPase

  • a marker of chromosome position in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly. PMID: 12105431

TG-1

Other Nucleus Markers

  • Hoechst dye - A nuclear marker for mammalian cells and its use with intracerebral transplants. PMID: 1716157

  • fluorescent cytostatic compound doxorubicin (adriamycin) as a simple and reliable staining technique for nuclear DNA on tissue sections, isolated cell smears and imprint preparations. PMID: 2415280

  • Nuclear transplantation in Bombina orientalis and utilization of the Pale mutation as a nuclear marker. PMID: 702081

  • poly(G)-stimulated Mg2+-activated adenosine triphosphatase activity should be adopted as an enzymic marker for the nuclear envelope. PMID: 141276

  • fluorescence in situ hybridization can be a useful tool in cancer cytogenetics for the detection of numerical aberrations in interphase nuclei and for the classification of marker chromosomes in addition to conventional cytogenetic techniques. PMID: 1845850

  • A beta-galactosidase hybrid protein targeted to nuclei as a marker for developmental studies. PMID: 3116543

  • Propidium Iodide (PI) - a nuclear marker in immunofluorescence. I. Use with tissue and cytoskeleton studies. PMID: 7019343

  • Propidium Iodide (PI) - a nuclear marker in immunofluorescence. II. Use with cellular identification and viability studies. PMID: 7019344

  • DAPI (fluorescent marker)

  • Hematoxylin

  • Neutral Red

  • Nuclear Fast Red